7 Spielformen, die Kinder nutzen, um zu lernen

7 forms of play that children use to learn

Contribution by: Johanna Schubert

Psychotherapist, among others, working in educational and family counseling / therapy Johna Schubert

There are different stages in children's development and therefore different forms of play. Playing is the child's active engagement with its environment. The child's environment expands as it develops and so does the child's play repertoire.

The unknown must become known

Discover, understand, play

Children want to discover, understand, approach their own laws, and become familiar with unfamiliar things. For children, thank God, there are no routines, no habits, no behavioral patterns.

It's their world of constant encounters with new things and opportunities for action, which children, in turn, perceive as a completely natural motivation/provocation for action. According to the motto "The unknown must be known, the new awaits personal discovery, the exciting must be experienced!"

Here are the game forms in their (usual) order:

Sensorimotor play

1st and 2nd year of life
Enjoyment of body movements with many repetitions (kicking, sucking, etc.), exploring one's own body

Exploration game

from the beginning of the 2nd year
Exploring objects (e.g. disassembling game objects)

Construction game

from 2 years of age
Assembling / designing objects (building blocks; clay)

As if game

from 2 years of age
Reinterpreting objects (building blocks become a train, etc.)

Parallel game

3rd and 4th year of life
Intermediate form between individual and social play: children play side by side and observe each other; at the age of 4, increasing observation of the partner

role playing game

from the age of 5
Interaction of several characters/roles (mother-father-child games, doctor games, school games, etc.); a plot is maintained over a longer period of time, among other things, with the help of meta-communication

Rules game

Transition to primary school age
A game based on set rules, adherence to which is mandatory (almost always a competitive game: e.g., hide-and-seek, soccer, board games). The appeal lies in the comparison of performance between partners with similar skill levels.

"Children want to learn." — Johanna Schubert